期刊歸檔用於 2018年10月

2018年10月07日

Identifying Sambucus "nigra" in eastern North America

From GoBotany and Michigan Flora:

Sambucus nigra (sensu stricto)
previously known as S. nigra subsp. nigra
Sambucus canadensis
previously known as S. nigra subsp. canadensis
Larger, can be a small tree up to 10 m tall Smaller, shrub up to 2.5 m tall
Branchlets with abundant lenticels Branchlets with sparse lenticels
3-7 leaflets, usually 5 5-11 leaflets, usually 7
Petals yellow-white, carpels usually with 3 stigmas (sometimes 4) Petals white, carpels with 4 stigmas (sometimes 3 or 5)
Pendulous fruiting clusters More-or-less erect fruiting clusters
Drupe dingy purple, turning black, 6-8 mm wide Drupe bright red, turning purple-black, 4-5 mm wide

(also a test of the new table format)

由使用者 bouteloua bouteloua2018年10月07日 23:24 所貼文 | 3 評論 | 留下評論

2018年10月13日

Identifying Solidago altissima & Solidago canadensis

Modified from Flora of North America, Minnesota Wildflowers, Weakley 2018, Flora of the Chicago Region 2017.

Solidago altissima subsp. altissima Solidago altissima subsp. gilvocanescens Solidago canadensis var. canadensis Solidago canadensis var. hargeri
Range and prevalence in North America: Broad. Most of eastern North America and some spots in the west (map). Most common species, dominating old-fields. Midwest/Great Plains (map). Begins replacing S. altissima subsp. altissima when moving toward the Great Plains. Upper Midwest, northeastern North America. (map), but "Solidago canadensis is cultivated and introduced in more western states" (FNA) Eastern Great Plains, Upper Midwest, northeastern North America (map), but "Solidago canadensis is cultivated and introduced in more western states" (FNA)
Flowerhead shape: Messier, spikes of flowerheads not so neat; can be taller than wide Messier, spikes of flowerheads not so neat; can be taller than wide ? Graceful, neatly arranged lateral spikes; pyramid wider than tall
Involucre: 3-4.5+ mm tall 2-3 mm tall 1.7–2.5 mm tall
(apparently sometimes 3 mm)
1.7–2.5 mm tall
(apparently sometimes 3 mm)
Phenology (Chicago Region): Later: August 28 - October 22 ? Earlier: July 19 - September 19 Earlier: July 19 - September 19
Pappus: Pappus hairs >2.4 mm long Pappus hairs >2.4 mm long Pappus hairs <2.3 mm long Pappus hairs <2.3 mm long
Stem: Usually short-hairy throughout Usually short-hairy throughout Mid to proximal stems hairless or just sparsely hairy Mid to proximal stems sparsely to moderately hairy
Big round stem galls: Got'em Got'em Don't got'em (?)* Don't got'em (?)*
Foliage: -Grey-green tone
-Leaves thicker, firmer
-Entire or with few, small teeth, mostly upper half
-Hairy underside
-Upper surface hairs rough with minute bulbous bases
-Grey-green tone
-Leaves thicker, firmer
-Entire or with few, small teeth, mostly upper half
-Hairy underside
-Upper surface hairs short, curved, spreading
-Not grey-green
-Leaves thinner, more lax
-More coarsely toothed throughout
-If hairy, only on veins below
-Not grey-green
-Leaves thinner, more lax
-More coarsely toothed throughout
-Hairy underside

*Conflicting info in FNA and Flora of the Chicago Region, the latter of which says stem galls do occur on both S. altissima and S. canadensis.

由使用者 bouteloua bouteloua2018年10月13日 04:16 所貼文 | 9 評論 | 留下評論